At present, the cotton fields are urgently cultivating cotton

At present, most of the cotton fields are well-produced and the seedlings are all in full bloom, and they are in the stage of “disinfection”. However, in the experimental field of the Guoxin Agricultural Research Institute, the author saw that, on the one hand, due to the pre-rainfall, the humidity in the cotton field was too large, the surface was hardened and the cultivator was urgently needed to remove the consolidation; on the other hand, the author found that the cotton seedlings had been harmed by cotton blind locusts. Situation, we must pay close attention to prevention and control.

First, the cotton field to pay close attention to cultivator

Due to the recent frequent rainfall in most northern regions, soil moisture in cotton fields is too large, the ground surface is tight, air permeability is extremely poor, and the temperature is low, which is not conducive to the robust growth of cotton seedlings. In an uneven terrain, water collects in the water and the soil is muddy. In this environment, it is extremely beneficial to the occurrence and development of cotton blight, once the outbreak, no medicine is controllable; if it causes some dead seedlings to become seedlings, it will make the management passive throughout the year. Recently, the author began to discover the disease-causing strains and dead seedlings caused by cotton seedlings in experimental fields.

The most urgent task in cotton field management is that intermittent rainfall carries out machine cultivating between rows, which is the most important operation that is necessary for seedlings. Whether large-scale cotton planting or small area cotton planting should not be an exception. Do not feel the pain of the machine turning a few seedlings, the benefits are far greater than the loss: the cultivator can make cotton seedling roots ventilate, increase the temperature, inhibit the harm of germ propagation, promote the early lignification of rhizomes; This is the only feasible measure to prevent cotton seedling blight; It can eliminate the cotton field compaction, make the rain seep underground after rainfall, prevent surface turbulence; avoid high places do not quench their thirst, repeated flooding. It also facilitates the storage of all precipitation in the soil and the use of drought; the cultivation of the machine in the province is labor-intensive, high in efficiency, and ensures the quality of operations; and promotes the development of roots and roots of cotton seedlings. Build a good foundation; eradicate the grass between the rows to prevent grassland; facilitate the fertilization between the rows.

The cultivator cannot be carried out only once, once the rain has caused surface compaction, it should be promptly removed. We must not save cultivator operations due to simplified cultivation.

Second, prevention and control of a generation of cotton blind

Leptospiridae are more than one year old (5 generations in the north), adult longevity (40-50 days for females), large numbers of eggs laid (250-300 eggs per female for the first generation), and therefore often form a generation Overlap; plus adults fly strong, the initial damage of cotton plants is not easy to detect, and sometimes fight drugs interfere with the weather, so it is more difficult to control. If you have a greater grasp, you need to have a keen observation ability and rich experience. Among them, it is one of the key measures to do a good job of monitoring and controlling the first and second generations, and to reduce the number of insects in the previous period. Therefore, the cure for cotton blind lice is mainly on the legs, on the eyes, on the brain, rather than the main back sprayer.

There are many hosts of cotton aphid, and according to information and observations of the author for more than a dozen years, with the exception of cotton, jujube trees and alfalfa are the favorite in Hebei, and weeds (commonly known as gray vegetables) and artemisia are Favorite. After September each year, the wintering of the eggs in the cotton plants and the host remnants or roots can also occur in the soil and in the bark. During the winter, most of the northern part of the cotton region has very little snowfall, and the high temperature ensures a safe winter for the cotton aphid. In addition, more rain in the spring results in earlier emergence of weeds, early hatching, massive hatching, and active nymphs. Provides favorable conditions. The author recently observed that in the last year's grey side of the cotton field, almost all of the 1-3 yo insensibilities of the cotton-blind nymph were very active. After being converted into adults, they flew to the cotton field in large numbers; near the ground and the edge of the house. The cotton seedlings of grass, grass and trees are now harmed by blind beaks. The typical symptoms are the emergence of dark spots and dark spots on the young leaves that have just emerged (above). If the growing point suffers damage, the headless cotton or cotton will be formed in the future. It should cause high alertness to cotton growers.

At present, the source of cottonseed crickets is largely hidden in weeds on the ground, and nymphs are afraid of exposure. Therefore, it is more important to eradicate land and weeds in cotton fields in combination with pest control. It is not necessary to fight drugs across the field to find injured cotton seedlings. The investigation should be based on the choice of spraying. Nymphs harm cotton seed sooner or later and hide during the day. No dew day can fight drugs sooner or later, cloudy days can fight drugs throughout the day. With organic phosphorus pesticides can be controlled, do not have to buy expensive "high-precision new pesticides" or "to cure pesticides." In the new situation where cotton-planting is facing high costs and low returns, pest control should not spend a dollar more.

I have repeatedly stressed that: under the new situation, we must overcome blindness in planting cotton, and all operations should be conducted on the basis of timely understanding of the "three conditions (the situation, the situation of cotton, disease and pests)". Understanding "three emotions" is to make up for the shortcomings of intellectual cotton planting. Not only is the back sprayer fighting drugs called labor, understanding the "three situations" is also labor, but also tube cotton, and it is very important tube cotton. This is the reason why pests are handled, and other operations are similar. The author firmly believes that the current high cost of cotton-planting and low-yield problems will surely be solved by making up for the short board of intelligence.